{"id":1809,"date":"2019-05-02T03:02:46","date_gmt":"2019-05-02T10:02:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/?p=1809"},"modified":"2019-04-30T11:07:41","modified_gmt":"2019-04-30T18:07:41","slug":"fort-stevens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/2019\/05\/02\/fort-stevens\/","title":{"rendered":"Fort Stevens"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fort Stevens, just outside Astoria, Oregon,  was first built to protect towns on the Columbia River during the Civil War from Confederate gunboats, it was actually finished after the Confederate Army surrendered. The fort continued to expand and grow in the following years. During WWI, a number of the gun emplacements were shifted to France. During WWII, it was the site of the first attack on the US continent when a Japanese submarine tried to shell the fort. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We spent the afternoon walking the grounds, learning the history of the fort, and exploring the bunkers &amp; gun installations. An interesting day immersed in cool history, but a little creepy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1333\" height=\"2000\" data-attachment-id=\"1817\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/2019\/05\/02\/fort-stevens\/ft-stevens-2-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-2-1.jpg?fit=1333%2C2000&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1333,2000\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;4&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;DMC-ZS100&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1556287359&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;9.1&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;125&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.001&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ft Stevens 2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-2-1.jpg?fit=200%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-2-1.jpg?fit=525%2C788&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-2-1.jpg?fit=525%2C788\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1817\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-2-1.jpg?w=1333&amp;ssl=1 1333w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-2-1.jpg?resize=200%2C300&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-2-1.jpg?resize=768%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-2-1.jpg?resize=682%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 682w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-2-1.jpg?w=1050 1050w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><figcaption>The Civil war part of the fort included earthworks and a moat. Nothing else remains of the original fort.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1520\" data-attachment-id=\"1818\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/2019\/05\/02\/fort-stevens\/ft-stevens-4-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-4-1.jpg?fit=2000%2C1520&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2000,1520\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;3.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;DMC-ZS100&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1556284228&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;9.1&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;125&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.001&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ft Stevens 4\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-4-1.jpg?fit=300%2C228&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-4-1.jpg?fit=525%2C399&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-4-1.jpg?fit=525%2C399\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1818\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-4-1.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-4-1.jpg?resize=300%2C228&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-4-1.jpg?resize=768%2C584&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-4-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C778&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-4-1.jpg?w=1575 1575w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><figcaption>The later fort included strategically placed batteries. Each round shaped area housed a large gun facing the mouth of the Columbia River.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" data-attachment-id=\"1819\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/2019\/05\/02\/fort-stevens\/ft-stevens-3-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-3-1.jpg?fit=2000%2C1500&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2000,1500\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;1.7&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;SM-G935U&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1556285542&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.2&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;50&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.000314070351759&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ft Stevens 3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-3-1.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-3-1.jpg?fit=525%2C394&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-3-1.jpg?fit=525%2C394\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1819\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-3-1.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-3-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-3-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-3-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-3-1.jpg?w=1575 1575w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><figcaption>The large guns would remain hidden behind the concrete until firing, then they would automatically pivot up, fire and sink back down.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1210\" height=\"2000\" data-attachment-id=\"1821\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/2019\/05\/02\/fort-stevens\/ft-stevens-5-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-5-1.jpg?fit=1210%2C2000&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1210,2000\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;1.7&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;SM-G935U&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1556284566&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.2&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;160&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.0416666666667&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ft Stevens 5\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-5-1.jpg?fit=182%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-5-1.jpg?fit=525%2C867&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-5-1.jpg?fit=525%2C867\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1821\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-5-1.jpg?w=1210&amp;ssl=1 1210w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-5-1.jpg?resize=182%2C300&amp;ssl=1 182w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-5-1.jpg?resize=768%2C1269&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-5-1.jpg?resize=620%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 620w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-5-1.jpg?w=1050 1050w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><figcaption>A replica of the sign made bythe soldiers after the attempted Japanese bombing during WWII.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" data-attachment-id=\"1822\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/2019\/05\/02\/fort-stevens\/ft-stevens-6-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-6-1.jpg?fit=2000%2C1333&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2000,1333\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.8&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;DMC-ZS100&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1556284268&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;9.1&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;125&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00125&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ft Stevens 6\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-6-1.jpg?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-6-1.jpg?fit=525%2C350&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-6-1.jpg?fit=525%2C350\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1822\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-6-1.jpg?w=2000&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-6-1.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-6-1.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-6-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C682&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-6-1.jpg?w=1575 1575w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><figcaption>Darrin scanning the horizon for intruders.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1500\" height=\"2000\" data-attachment-id=\"1823\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/2019\/05\/02\/fort-stevens\/ft-stevens-1-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-1-1.jpg?fit=1500%2C2000&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1500,2000\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;1.7&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;SM-G935U&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1556284126&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.2&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;200&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.0416666666667&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ft Stevens 1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-1-1.jpg?fit=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-1-1.jpg?fit=525%2C700&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-1-1.jpg?fit=525%2C700\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1823\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-1-1.jpg?w=1500&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-1-1.jpg?resize=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-1-1.jpg?resize=768%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ft-Stevens-1-1.jpg?w=1050 1050w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><figcaption>Tidbit: Note the Picatinny armament on the gun&#8217;s powder canister. M&#8217;s grandparents worked at the Picatinny Arsenal during WWII.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fort Stevens, just outside Astoria, Oregon, was first built to protect towns on the Columbia River during the Civil War from Confederate gunboats, it was actually finished after the Confederate Army surrendered. The fort continued to expand and grow in the following years. During WWI, a number of the gun emplacements were shifted to France. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/2019\/05\/02\/fort-stevens\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Fort Stevens&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2],"tags":[217,218,216,221,83,220,219],"class_list":["post-1809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","tag-astoria","tag-civil-war","tag-fort-stevens","tag-japanese-submarine","tag-oregon","tag-wwi","tag-wwii"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9ImxW-tb","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1809"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1825,"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1809\/revisions\/1825"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mackenziesontheroad.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}